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BAM15 (50mg-60)

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Nomenclature & Synonyms

BAM15 is identified as a mitochondrial uncoupler with the full chemical name N5,N6-bis(benzyloxycarbonyl)-D-antenyl glycinamide. It has been referenced under the research code BAM-15 in scientific studies. It does not derive from a parent compound, as it is synthetically designed for mitochondrial research applications.

Structural Characteristics

BAM15 does not possess an amino acid sequence as it is not a peptide-based compound. As a small molecule, it lacks peptide chain modifications such as N-terminal acetylation or disulfide bonds typically mentioned in peptide-based research.

Molecular Pharmacology

BAM15 acts as a protonophore which uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by facilitating the transport of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, disrupting the proton gradient. This uncoupling action is not mediated through specific receptor binding but rather through its physicochemical properties. It disrupts membrane potential, thereby affecting ATP synthesis without involving typical cellular signaling cascades like cAMP/PKA, MAPK/ERK, or PI3K/Akt.

Research Applications

  • First reported in 2014 by a team of researchers aiming to explore mitochondrial bioenergetics.
  • Used predominantly in studies focusing on cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and metabolic homeostasis.
  • Demonstrated in vitro to lower mitochondrial membrane potential and increase cellular respiration rates without depolarizing plasma membranes.

Technical Properties

BAM15 demonstrates solubility in DMSO and ethanol at a recommended concentration for experimental use. For research purposes, it should be dissolved at 50 mg/mL concentrations, with stability maintained when stored as a lyophilized powder. Once reconstituted, solutions should be used promptly or stored at -20°C to preserve activity.

Compliance

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or preventive applications.

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Product Description

Nomenclature & Synonyms

BAM15 is identified as a mitochondrial uncoupler with the full chemical name N5,N6-bis(benzyloxycarbonyl)-D-antenyl glycinamide. It has been referenced under the research code BAM-15 in scientific studies. It does not derive from a parent compound, as it is synthetically designed for mitochondrial research applications.

Structural Characteristics

BAM15 does not possess an amino acid sequence as it is not a peptide-based compound. As a small molecule, it lacks peptide chain modifications such as N-terminal acetylation or disulfide bonds typically mentioned in peptide-based research.

Molecular Pharmacology

BAM15 acts as a protonophore which uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by facilitating the transport of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, disrupting the proton gradient. This uncoupling action is not mediated through specific receptor binding but rather through its physicochemical properties. It disrupts membrane potential, thereby affecting ATP synthesis without involving typical cellular signaling cascades like cAMP/PKA, MAPK/ERK, or PI3K/Akt.

Research Applications

  • First reported in 2014 by a team of researchers aiming to explore mitochondrial bioenergetics.
  • Used predominantly in studies focusing on cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and metabolic homeostasis.
  • Demonstrated in vitro to lower mitochondrial membrane potential and increase cellular respiration rates without depolarizing plasma membranes.

Technical Properties

BAM15 demonstrates solubility in DMSO and ethanol at a recommended concentration for experimental use. For research purposes, it should be dissolved at 50 mg/mL concentrations, with stability maintained when stored as a lyophilized powder. Once reconstituted, solutions should be used promptly or stored at -20°C to preserve activity.

Compliance

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or preventive applications.

Research Benefits

  • Ideal for research purposes
The benefits listed above are research benefits only. Products are not sold for human use or consumption.

Technical Specifications

SKU
CHP-542532-157
CAS Number
210302-17-3
Molecular Formula
C₁₆H₁₀F₂N₆O
Molecular Weight
340.29 g/mol
Purity
≥98%
Form
capsule
Concentration
50mg/Capsule
Category
Capsules, Bottles
Storage
Store BAM15 capsules in a cool, dry place, typically at room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F), protected from light and moisture. Do not store them in areas with high humidity. Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed until use. Ensure they are out of reach of children and pets. Discard any unused or expired capsules according to local regulations.

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Methylene Blue (5mg-60)
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Methylene Blue (5mg-60)

Nomenclature & Synonyms

Methylene blue, also scientifically known as tetramethylthionine chloride, is a heterocyclic aromatic chemical compound. It is frequently referred to in research by its chemical name and has been used historically in various applications, although specific research codes have not been consistently applied to this compound.

Structural Characteristics

Methylene blue does not consist of an amino acid sequence as it is a phenothiazine derivative. It has a tricyclic phenothiazine structure, featuring a central sulfur and nitrogen atom with methyl substitutions that influence its redox properties. The compound is not derived from a larger protein fragment, but its planar aromatic structure is crucial for its electron transfer capability.

Molecular Pharmacology

Methylene blue primarily functions by inhibiting the enzyme guanylate cyclase, thus impacting the NO-cGMP pathway. This interference can modulate vascular tone and neurotransmitter release. It has also been noted to act as a redox agent, accepting and donating electrons through alteration in its oxidation states. EC50 values vary depending on the cellular context, but it can modulate several cellular processes via its electron transfer roles.

Research Applications

  • Methylene blue was first synthesized by Heinrich Caro in 1876 and has been extensively explored in histological staining, serving as a vital stain in various cellular and microbiological applications.
  • Studies have demonstrated its utility in exploring mitochondrial function due to its ability to carry electrons across membranes.
  • Investigative uses in neuropharmacology due to its inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and exploration in neuroprotective roles have been documented.

Technical Properties

Methylene blue is highly soluble in water, particularly at concentrations such as 1mg/mL, making it conducive for aqueous applications. Reconstitution is recommended in sterile water or appropriate buffer solutions. Stability data suggest that it remains stable in lyophilized form and must be handled under light-limiting conditions due to its photolabile nature.

Compliance

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or preventive applications.